What is the purpose of a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI)?

The purpose of a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is to break current flow and provide protection from electrical shock. A GFCI detects imbalances in the electrical current between the incoming and outgoing wires. If it senses any leakage of current, which could indicate that electricity is flowing through an unintended path (such as through a person), it will quickly interrupt the circuit. This rapid response can prevent serious injury or death due to electric shock, particularly in wet areas like bathrooms and kitchens where the risk of electrical hazards is higher.

In contrast, enhancing electrical flow or increasing current flow are not functions of a GFCI; in fact, a GFCI stops current flow under unsafe conditions. Regulating voltage is also not related to the primary function of a GFCI, as its main functionality focuses on detecting current leakage and ensuring safety rather than managing voltage levels within electrical systems.